IntroductionĪn airfoil is the foundation of wind turbine blade design, and accordingly, optimizing its design plays a key role in improving aerodynamic performance, noise control, and structural robustness of a rotor blade. Although the natural frequencies of the 1st and 2nd order vibrations had hardly changed, their vibrational stiffness were increased by 7 and 4.9%, respectively, which indicated that airfoil concavity significantly improved structural robustness. Lastly, a modal test of the rotor blade was conducted. Subsequently, its effects on the sound pressure level within the wake flow field were investigated using an acoustic array, and the results suggested that the sound pressure level was reduced by 9.6–15.8%. The experimental results showed that airfoil concavity improved blade aerodynamic performance by 3–15%. Thus, we selected the blade of a small horizontal-axis wind turbine as a research model and proposed an optimization method based on airfoil concavity near the trailing edge of the blade suction surface. ![]() Although the optimization of wind turbine blade aerodynamic performance has achieved fruitful results, whether airfoil concavity, an important method for preventing flow separation, is also feasible for improving the aerodynamic performance has not been confirmed scientifically.
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